Yogayavela kwiIndiya yakudala, ekuqaleni igxile ekufezekiseni ukulungelelana ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ngokucamngca, imithambo yokuphefumla, kunye nezithethe zonqulo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, izikolo ezahlukeneyo zeyoga zaphuhliswa ngaphakathi kwimeko yaseIndiya. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, i-yoga yafumana ingqalelo eNtshona xa i-yogi yaseIndiya iSwami Vivekananda yayizisa kwihlabathi jikelele. Namhlanje, i-yoga iye yayinto yehlabathi jikelele yokuzilolonga kunye nendlela yokuphila, igxininisa ukuguquguquka komzimba, amandla, ukuzola kwengqondo, kunye nokulinganisela kwangaphakathi. I-Yoga ibandakanya ukuma, ukulawula ukuphefumla, ukucamngca, kunye nengqondo, ukunceda abantu ukuba bafumane imvisiswano kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.

Eli nqaku ikakhulu lazisa iinkosi ezilishumi zeyoga ezinempembelelo enkulu kwiyoga yanamhlanje.

1.Patanjali 300 Bc.

Okwabizwa ngokuba nguGonardiya okanye uGonikaputra, wayengumbhali wamaHindu, ongaqondakaliyo kunye nesithandi sobulumko.

Unesikhundla esibalulekileyo kwimbali yeyoga, ebhale "iYoga Sutras," eyathi ekuqaleni yanika i-yoga ngenkqubo ebanzi yethiyori, ukuqonda kunye nokuziqhelanisa. UPatanjali waseka inkqubo yeyoga edibeneyo, ebeka isiseko sesakhelo sonke seyogic. UPatanjali wachaza injongo yeyoga njengokufundisa indlela yokulawula ingqondo (CHITTA). Ngenxa yoko, uhlonitshwa njengomseki weyoga.

IYoga yanyuselwa kwiwonga lezenzululwazi okokuqala kwimbali yoluntu phantsi kokhokelo lwakhe, njengoko wayeguqula inkolo yaba yinzululwazi esulungekileyo yemigaqo. Indima yakhe ekusasazeni nasekuphuhliseni i-yoga ibalulekile, kwaye ukusuka kwixesha lakhe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abantu bebesoloko betolika "i-Yoga Sutras" ayibhalileyo.

2.Swami Sivananda1887-1963

Uyinkosi ye-yoga, isikhokelo sokomoya kubuHindu, kunye nomxhasi weVedanta. Ngaphambi kokuba athabathe usukelo lokomoya, wakhonza njengogqirha kangangeminyaka eliqela eBritish Malaya.

Wayengumseki we-Divine Life Society (DLS) ngo-1936, i-Yoga-Vedanta Forest Academy (1948) kunye nombhali weencwadi ezingaphezu kwe-200 ze-yoga, iVedanta, kunye nezifundo ezahlukeneyo.

ISivananda Yoga igxininisa imigaqo emihlanu: umthambo ofanelekileyo, ukuphefumla kakuhle, ukuphumla okufanelekileyo, ukutya okufanelekileyo nokucamngca. Kwinkqubo ye-yoga yesiko, umntu uqala ngeSibuliso seLanga ngaphambi kokubandakanyeka kumzimba. Ukuphefumula okanye ukucamngca kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-Lotus Pose. Ixesha lokuphumla elibalulekileyo liyafuneka emva koqeqesho ngalunye.

3.Tirumalai Krishnamacharya1888年- 1989年

Wayengutitshala weyoga waseIndiya, umphilisi we-ayurvedic kunye nesifundiswa. Ubonwa njengenye yeegurus ezibalulekileyo zeyoga yanamhlanje, [3] kwaye udla ngokubizwa ngokuba "nguYise weYoga yanamhlanje" ngenxa yempembelelo yakhe ebanzi kuphuhliso lwe-postural yoga.Njengoovulindlela bangaphambili abaphenjelelwa yinkcubeko yomzimba efana noYogendra kunye noKuvalayananda. , waba negalelo ekuvuselelweni kwehatha yoga.

Abafundi bakaKrishnamacharya baquka uninzi lwabafundisi-ntsapho abadumileyo nabanempembelelo: Indra Devi; K. Pattabhi Jois; BKS Iyengar ; unyana wakhe uTKV uDesikakare; Srivatsa Ramaswami ; kunye no-AG uMohan. U-Iyengar, umninawa wakhe kunye nomseki we-Iyengar Yoga, unika uKrishnamacharya umbulelo ngokumkhuthaza ukuba afunde i-yoga eseyinkwenkwe ngo-1934.

4.Ikunye noDevi1899-2002

U-Eugenie Peterson (kwaseLatvia: Eiženija Pētersone, Russian: Евгения Васильевна Петерсон; 22 May, 1899 – 25 April 2002), owaziwa ngokuba ngu-Indra Devi, wayengumfundisi-ntsapho onguvulindlela weyoga njengemithambo, kunye nomfundi wokuqala "woyise" weyoga yangoku. , Tirumalai Krishnamacharya.

Wenze igalelo elibalulekileyo ekwazisweni nasekukhuthazeni i-yoga eTshayina, eUnited States, nakuMzantsi Melika.

Iincwadi zakhe ezikhuthaza i-yoga yokuphelisa uxinzelelo, zimenze wabizwa ngokuba "inenekazi lokuqala leyoga". Umbhali ngobomi bakhe, uMichelle Goldberg, wabhala ukuba uDevi "watyala imbewu yeyoga boom ngeminyaka yoo-1990".[4]

5.Shri K Pattabhi Jois 1915 - 2009

Wayeyingqwayingqwayi yeyoga yaseIndiya, owaphuhlisa waze wasasaza isimbo seyoga equkuqelayo njengemithambo eyaziwa ngokuba yiAshtanga vinyasa yoga. UPattabhi Jois lolunye loluhlu olufutshane lwamaIndiya aluncedo ekusekeni i-yoga yangoku njengemithambo ngenkulungwane yama-20, kunye no-BKS Iyengar, omnye umfundi waseKrishnamacharya eMysore.

Ungomnye wabafundi ababalaseleyo baseKrishnamacharya, uhlala ebizwa ngokuba "nguBawo weYoga yanamhlanje." Wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusasazeni i-yoga. Ngokuziswa kweAshtanga Yoga eNtshona, izitayile ezahlukeneyo zeyoga ezinje ngeVinyasa kunye nePower Yoga zavela, zenza iAshtanga Yoga ibe ngumthombo wenkuthazo kwizitayile zanamhlanje zeyoga.

6.BKS Iyengar 1918 - 2014

UBellur Krishnamachar Sundararaja Iyengar (14 Disemba 1918 – 20 Agasti 2014) wayengutitshala waseIndiya weyoga kunye nombhali. Ungumseki wesimbo seyoga njengemithambo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Iyengar Yoga", kwaye wayegqalwa njengenye yezona ziphambili zeyoga ehlabathini. [1][2][3] Wayengumbhali weencwadi ezininzi malunga nokuziqhelanisa ne-yoga kunye nefilosofi kubandakanya ukuKhanya kwiYoga, ukukhanya kwiPranayama, ukuKhanya kwiYoga Sutras yasePatanjali, kunye nokukhanya kuBomi. U-Iyengar wayengomnye wabafundi bokuqala bakaTirumalai Krishnamacharya, odla ngokubizwa ngokuba "nguyise weyoga yale mihla". Unikwe imbeko ngokusasaza i-yoga, okokuqala eIndiya nakwihlabathi liphela.

7.Paramhansa Swami Satyananda Saraswati

WayenguMseki weSikolo saseBihar seYoga. Ungomnye weeNgcweti ezinkulu zeNkulungwane yama-20 oye wavelisa ulwazi oluninzi olufihliweyo lweyoga kunye nezenzo kwizenzo zamandulo, ekukhanyeni kwengqondo yanamhlanje. Inkqubo yakhe ngoku yamkelwe kwihlabathi liphela.

Wayengumfundi kaSivananda Saraswati, umseki weDivine Life Society, kwaye waseka iBihar School of Yoga ngo-1964. Ubhale ngaphezulu kweencwadi ezingama-80, kubandakanya incwadi edumileyo ka-1969 uAsana Pranayama Mudra Bandha.

8.Maharishi Mahesh Yoga1918-2008

Uyi-yoga guru yaseIndiya eyaziwa ngokuyila kunye nokwazisa ukucamngca okungaphaya, ukufumana izihloko ezinje ngoMaharishi kunye noYogiraj. Emva kokufumana isidanga kwifiziksi kwiYunivesithi yase-Allahabad ngo-1942, waba ngumncedisi kunye nomfundi kaBrahmananda Saraswati, inkokeli yeJyotirmath kwiHimalaya yaseIndiya, edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni iingcinga zakhe zefilosofi. Kwi-1955, uMaharishi waqala ukwazisa izimvo zakhe kwihlabathi, eqala ukhenketho lwezifundo zehlabathi kwi-1958.

Uqeqeshe ngaphezu kwamashumi amane amawaka ootitshala bokucamngca okungaphaya kwengqondo, ukuseka amawaka amaziko okufundisa kunye namakhulu ezikolo. Ngasekupheleni kwee-1960s nakwiminyaka yokuqala yee-1970, wafundisa abantu abadumileyo abafana neeBeatles kunye neeBeach Boys. Ngo-1992, waseka i-Natural Law Party, ebandakanyeka kumaphulo onyulo kumazwe amaninzi. Ngo-2000, waseka umbutho ongenzi nzuzo weGlobal Country of World Peace ukuqhubela phambili ukukhuthaza iinjongo zakhe.

9.Bikram Choudhury1944-

Uzalelwe eKolkata, eIndiya, kwaye ebambe ubumi baseMelika, ungutitshala weyoga owaziwa ngokuseka iBikram Yoga. I-yoga postures isuka ikakhulu kwisithethe seHatha Yoga. Ungumdali we-Hot Yoga, apho iingcali zidla ngokuzibandakanya kuqeqesho lweyoga kwigumbi elishushu, ngokwesiqhelo malunga ne-40 °C (104 °F).

10.SWAMI RAMDEV 1965-

USwami Ramdev yi-yoga guru eyaziwayo kwihlabathi, umseki wePranayama Yoga, kunye nomnye wootitshala beyoga abadumileyo kwihlabathi liphela. IPranayama Yoga yakhe ithethelela ukoyisa izifo ngamandla okuphefumla, kwaye ngemigudu ezinikeleyo, ubonakalise ukuba iPranayama Yoga lunyango lwendalo kwizigulo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba nezengqondo. Iiklasi zakhe zitsala abaphulaphuli abaninzi, enabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-85 ababukele ngomabonwakude, iividiyo kunye nezinye iindlela. Ukongeza, iiklasi zakhe zeyoga zinikezelwa simahla.